How to Get Lipitor (Atorvastatin) in Illinois

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At a glance

  • Drug name / atorvastatin (brand: Lipitor); prescription-only oral tablet
  • Prescribers in IL / MDs, DOs, NPs, and PAs all authorized to prescribe
  • Telehealth prescribing / legal in Illinois under 225 ILCS 60 and subsequent telehealth parity law
  • Required labs / fasting lipid panel plus ALT/AST and CMP before starting
  • Illinois Medicaid / covered with prior authorization for hyperlipidemia and ASCVD prevention
  • Typical dose range / 10 mg to 80 mg once daily
  • Time to prescription / 1 to 3 days via telehealth; 1 to 7 days in-person
  • 503A compounding / licensed Illinois 503A pharmacies may compound atorvastatin for patient-specific needs
  • Generic availability / widely available; 30-day supply often under $10 at Illinois pharmacies
  • Key trial / ASCOT-LLA showed 36% relative reduction in major cardiovascular events with atorvastatin 10 mg

What Is Atorvastatin and Why Doctors Prescribe It in Illinois

Atorvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor approved by the FDA to lower LDL cholesterol, reduce triglycerides, and cut the risk of major cardiovascular events including heart attack and stroke. Illinois prescribers order it for primary hyperlipidemia, mixed dyslipidemia, and both primary and secondary atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention.

The landmark ASCOT-LLA trial (N=10,305, published in The Lancet 2003) found that atorvastatin 10 mg daily reduced the primary endpoint of nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease by 36% (HR 0.64 to 95% CI 0.50 to 0.83, P<0.0001) compared with placebo in hypertensive patients with average or below-average cholesterol. [1] That trial enrolled patients with baseline LDL as low as 3.4 mmol/L, which is why current guidelines extend statin recommendations well beyond patients with obviously high cholesterol.

The 2018 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol states: "High-intensity statin therapy should be initiated or continued as first-line therapy in patients 75 years of age or younger with clinical ASCVD." [2] Atorvastatin 40 mg and 80 mg are the two doses classified as high-intensity therapy under that guideline, making it the most commonly prescribed high-intensity statin in the United States. [2]

The FDA originally approved atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor) in 1996. The full current prescribing information is available on the FDA's Drugs@FDA portal. [3] Generic atorvastatin entered the U.S. market in 2011 and is chemically identical to Lipitor; Illinois pharmacists may substitute generics unless a prescriber writes "dispense as written."

Illinois ranks among states with above-average cardiovascular mortality. The CDC reports that heart disease remains the leading cause of death in Illinois, accounting for roughly 23% of all-cause mortality in recent state data. [4] That epidemiological backdrop explains why Illinois physicians and telehealth platforms see steady, high-volume demand for statin prescriptions.

Illinois Telehealth Rules for Atorvastatin Prescriptions

Illinois law explicitly permits telehealth prescribing of atorvastatin. Illinois enacted telehealth parity under the Illinois Insurance Code (215 ILCS 5/356z.22) and the Telehealth Act (Public Act 101-0728), requiring commercial insurers to reimburse telehealth visits at parity with in-person visits. [5] A licensed Illinois provider can conduct a synchronous video or audio visit, review your lab results, and issue a valid electronic prescription to any Illinois-licensed pharmacy.

The Illinois Medical Practice Act (225 ILCS 60) requires the prescribing physician to hold an active Illinois medical license or a valid interstate telehealth registration. Nurse practitioners in Illinois operate under the Illinois Nurse Practice Act (225 ILCS 65) and may prescribe Schedule III-V controlled substances and all non-controlled medications including statins, with or without a written collaborative agreement depending on their practice setting. [6] Physician assistants hold similar prescribing authority under the Physician Assistant Practice Act of 1987 (225 ILCS 95). [7]

Telehealth platforms serving Illinois typically complete the following workflow: you submit a health history and upload recent labs through a secure patient portal, a provider reviews asynchronously or schedules a live video call, and an electronic prescription is sent to your preferred pharmacy within 24 to 72 hours. Some platforms offer same-day prescriptions when labs are already on file. Illinois requires a valid prescriber-patient relationship before any prescription is issued, so platforms that skip a clinical review entirely do not meet state law.

One important practical note: if you have not had a lipid panel in the prior 12 months, most platforms require you to complete labs before the prescription is finalized. Several Illinois lab networks including Quest Diagnostics and LabCorp offer walk-in lipid panels in Chicago, Springfield, Rockford, and across suburban Cook County without a separate physician order.

Lab Requirements Before Starting Atorvastatin in Illinois

Before any Illinois provider prescribes atorvastatin, they will typically order a fasting lipid panel and liver function tests. This is not bureaucratic formality. The 2018 ACC/AHA guideline recommends a baseline fasting lipid panel, ALT, and AST prior to initiating statin therapy to establish a cardiovascular risk baseline and rule out pre-existing hepatic dysfunction. [2]

Standard pre-treatment labs include:

  • Fasting lipid panel: total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and triglycerides after a 9- to 12-hour fast
  • Liver function tests (LFTs): ALT and AST
  • Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP): includes creatinine and glucose to assess renal function and screen for diabetes (statins modestly increase diabetes risk, so a baseline glucose or HbA1c is clinically useful)
  • CK (creatine kinase): not universally required at baseline, but ordered when a patient reports muscle pain or is on medications that increase myopathy risk such as fibrates or certain macrolide antibiotics

The JUPITER trial (N=17,802) demonstrated that elevated high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP >2 mg/L) identifies patients without high LDL who still derive substantial cardiovascular benefit from rosuvastatin, and the ACC/AHA guideline has since incorporated hsCRP as an optional risk-enhancing factor. [8] While that trial used rosuvastatin, the same hsCRP rationale applies when Illinois clinicians are deciding statin candidacy, and some providers order it alongside the standard lipid panel.

Atorvastatin produces dose-dependent LDL reduction. A 2004 Cochrane systematic review of 164 trials found that atorvastatin 10 mg reduces LDL-C by approximately 37%, 20 mg by 43%, 40 mg by 49%, and 80 mg by 55%. [9] Illinois providers use these estimates to set an initial dose based on how far a patient's LDL needs to fall to reach guideline-concordant targets.

Follow-up labs are typically ordered 4 to 12 weeks after dose initiation or any dose change, then annually once stable. [2]

How to Get a Lipitor Prescription in Illinois: Step-by-Step

Getting atorvastatin in Illinois follows a predictable sequence regardless of whether the visit is in-person or via telehealth.

Step 1. Confirm you have current labs. A fasting lipid panel drawn within the past 12 months is the baseline standard most providers accept. If yours is older, order a fresh draw at any Illinois LabCorp, Quest, or hospital outpatient lab. Turnaround is typically 24 hours for most Illinois labs.

Step 2. Choose a prescriber. Options include your primary care physician, a cardiologist, an internist, or a licensed Illinois telehealth platform. All four provider types hold full prescribing authority for atorvastatin.

Step 3. Complete the clinical visit. In a telehealth model this is a video or asynchronous questionnaire review, typically 10 to 20 minutes. The provider will calculate your 10-year ASCVD risk using the Pooled Cohort Equations, review your lipid values, and assess risk-enhancing factors per ACC/AHA 2018 guidance. [2]

Step 4. Receive the electronic prescription. Illinois providers send electronic prescriptions (e-Rx) to your chosen pharmacy through the Illinois Prescription Monitoring Program (ILPMP) network. [10] Atorvastatin is not a controlled substance so it does not require ILPMP reporting, but the e-Rx infrastructure is the same.

Step 5. Pick up or receive delivery. Most Illinois retail pharmacies fill atorvastatin same-day. Mail-order pharmacies licensed in Illinois typically deliver in 2 to 5 business days. Large chains including Walgreens (headquartered in Chicago), CVS, and Jewel-Osco Pharmacy have statewide presence and typically stock all doses 10 mg to 80 mg.

Illinois Medicaid and Insurance Coverage for Atorvastatin

Illinois Medicaid (administered through the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services, HFS) covers atorvastatin for hyperlipidemia and ASCVD prevention, but requires prior authorization (PA) for brand-name Lipitor. Generic atorvastatin is on the Illinois Medicaid preferred drug list and available without PA. [11]

For commercial insurance, the ACA requires most plans to cover statin therapy for adults aged 40 to 75 with a 10-year ASCVD risk of 10% or more at no patient cost-sharing when prescribed for primary prevention, following the USPSTF Grade B recommendation. [12] That recommendation (published 2022) states: "The USPSTF recommends prescribing a statin for the primary prevention of CVD for adults aged 40 to 75 years who have 1 or more CVD risk factors and an estimated 10-year CVD event risk of 10% or greater." [12]

Prior authorization for branded Lipitor under Illinois Medicaid generally requires documentation of:

  1. A fasting lipid panel showing LDL-C at or above treatment thresholds per ACC/AHA 2018 criteria
  2. Documented intolerance or contraindication to at least one generic statin (if requesting brand due to formulary positioning)
  3. ICD-10 diagnosis code consistent with hyperlipidemia (E78.00 to E78.5) or established ASCVD

Illinois Medicaid PA decisions are typically returned within 72 hours for non-urgent requests. If denied, prescribers may appeal or switch to the covered generic formulation, which is therapeutically equivalent. [11]

Patients without insurance should know that generic atorvastatin is among the least expensive medications available in Illinois. GoodRx pricing at Illinois pharmacies frequently shows 30-tablet supplies of atorvastatin 20 mg for under $10 at major chains, and the $4 generic programs at several Illinois pharmacies list atorvastatin explicitly.

Transferring an Out-of-State Lipitor Prescription to Illinois

Illinois pharmacy law permits the transfer of a valid non-controlled substance prescription from a pharmacy in another state to a licensed Illinois pharmacy. Under the Illinois Pharmacy Practice Act (225 ILCS 85) and Illinois Administrative Code Title 68, Part 1330, a pharmacist may transfer a prescription if the original prescription has refills remaining and the originating pharmacy cancels the original upon transfer. [13]

Practical steps to transfer a Lipitor or atorvastatin prescription to Illinois:

  1. Call your Illinois pharmacy of choice and provide the name and phone number of the pharmacy currently holding the prescription.
  2. The Illinois pharmacist contacts the out-of-state pharmacy and documents the transfer per state record-keeping rules.
  3. The out-of-state pharmacy voids the original and the Illinois pharmacy fills from the transferred record.

One important limit: some insurance plans restrict which pharmacy networks are covered. Transferring the prescription does not automatically transfer coverage, so verify your plan's Illinois pharmacy network before initiating the transfer.

If you have moved to Illinois permanently and your out-of-state prescriber is no longer licensed to prescribe in Illinois (which can happen with states that do not participate in the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact), you need a new prescription from an Illinois-licensed provider. The IMLC currently covers most U.S. states, and Illinois joined the compact, so many out-of-state physicians can continue prescribing until you establish with a local provider. [14]

503A Compounding Pharmacies and Atorvastatin in Illinois

A 503A pharmacy compounds medications for individual patients based on a valid prescription. In Illinois, 503A pharmacies are licensed by the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (IDFPR) and must comply with USP Chapter 795 standards for non-sterile compounding. [15]

Compounded atorvastatin is not common because commercially manufactured generic tablets are inexpensive and widely available. However, compounded preparations may be appropriate in specific situations: a patient who needs a dose strength not commercially available (for example, a 5 mg dose for a patient with statin intolerance who tolerates only very low doses), a patient who requires a different delivery form due to swallowing difficulty, or a patient with a documented allergy to an inactive ingredient in the commercial tablet.

The FDA's current policy on compounding from bulk drug substances clarifies that atorvastatin calcium is not on the FDA's list of bulk substances approved for 503A compounding without a commercially available equivalent, meaning an Illinois 503A pharmacy may compound atorvastatin only when a specific patient need cannot be met by the commercial product. [16] Prescribers must document clinical necessity on the prescription.

Illinois 503A pharmacies cannot ship compounded preparations across state lines to patients in other states without complying with both Illinois and the receiving state's pharmacy laws.

Dosing, Safety, and Drug Interactions Relevant to Illinois Patients

Atorvastatin is available in 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg tablets taken once daily, at any time of day, with or without food. Unlike some older statins such as simvastatin, atorvastatin has a long half-life (approximately 14 hours) and does not require bedtime dosing. [3]

The most clinically significant drug interactions Illinois patients should discuss with their provider include:

  • CYP3A4 inhibitors: Strong inhibitors such as clarithromycin, itraconazole, and certain HIV protease inhibitors can increase atorvastatin plasma concentrations substantially, raising myopathy risk. [3] The FDA label warns against combining atorvastatin with certain antifungals.
  • Cyclosporine: Concomitant use increases atorvastatin AUC by approximately 8.7-fold; the label recommends avoiding atorvastatin doses above 10 mg in patients taking cyclosporine. [3]
  • Gemfibrozil: Combining any statin with gemfibrozil increases myopathy risk; fenofibrate is generally preferred if a fibrate is needed alongside atorvastatin. [3]
  • Colchicine: Case reports associate colchicine with myopathy when combined with statins; periodic monitoring of muscle symptoms is reasonable. [17]

Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) occur in an estimated 5 to 10% of statin users in real-world practice, though the SAMSON trial (N=200, BMJ 2020) found that nocebo effects explained a substantial portion of self-reported muscle symptoms: participants reported 90% of their muscle symptom burden on atorvastatin and 85% on placebo in an n-of-1 design. [18] That finding has practical relevance for Illinois patients who stopped a prior statin due to perceived side effects. A structured re-challenge, as the ACC/AHA guideline recommends, may allow continued therapy. [2]

Liver toxicity from atorvastatin is rare. A 2006 study in the American Journal of Cardiology (examining data from more than 49,000 patients in clinical trials) found that clinically significant hepatotoxicity attributable to statins occurs in fewer than 1 per 100,000 person-years of exposure. [19] Routine periodic LFT monitoring after baseline is no longer recommended by ACC/AHA unless symptoms of hepatotoxicity develop. [2]

Cardiovascular Outcome Evidence Supporting Atorvastatin Use

Beyond ASCOT-LLA, the evidence base for atorvastatin is among the strongest of any cardiovascular medication.

The PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial (N=4,162, NEJM 2004) compared intensive atorvastatin 80 mg with moderate pravastatin 40 mg in patients who had experienced an acute coronary syndrome within the preceding 10 days. Atorvastatin reduced the composite endpoint of death, MI, unstable angina, revascularization, and stroke by 16% (HR 0.84, P<0.001) at a median follow-up of 24 months. [20] LDL-C in the atorvastatin group reached a median of 62 mg/dL versus 95 mg/dL with pravastatin.

The TNT trial (N=10,001, NEJM 2005) showed that atorvastatin 80 mg reduced major cardiovascular events by 22% compared with atorvastatin 10 mg in patients with stable coronary disease (HR 0.78 to 95% CI 0.69 to 0.89, P<0.001), providing direct evidence that higher-intensity dosing confers additional benefit beyond moderate-intensity therapy. [21]

The CARDS trial (N=2,838, The Lancet 2004) enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes and no prior cardiovascular disease. Atorvastatin 10 mg reduced the primary endpoint of major cardiovascular events by 37% versus placebo (HR 0.63 to 95% CI 0.48 to 0.83, P=0.001), and the trial was stopped 2 years early due to the magnitude of benefit. [22]

These three trials together explain why the 2018 ACC/AHA guideline places atorvastatin at the center of both primary and secondary prevention strategies across risk groups. [2]

Finding a Provider in Illinois Who Prescribes Atorvastatin

Illinois has no shortage of providers authorized to prescribe atorvastatin. The Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation licenses approximately 43,000 active physicians and more than 28,000 advanced practice registered nurses, many of whom practice primary care and internal medicine. [23]

For patients without an established primary care physician, telehealth platforms with active Illinois licenses can prescribe atorvastatin after a compliant clinical encounter. The Illinois Telehealth Act (Public Act 101-0728) prohibits insurers from requiring an in-person visit before a telehealth visit for the same service. [5] That means a patient new to Illinois can complete their first clinical encounter online and receive a valid prescription.

Illinois also has Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) across the state that offer sliding-scale fees for patients without insurance. The Health Resources and Services Administration FQHC locator lists more than 300 Illinois FQHC sites. [24] FQHCs operate under 340B drug pricing, which can reduce the cost of atorvastatin further for eligible patients.

Patients seeking a cardiologist for complex dyslipidemia cases (familial hypercholesterolemia, statin intolerance, or very high ASCVD risk) can self-refer to Illinois-based lipid clinics at academic centers including the University of Chicago Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, and University of Illinois Health, all of which have dedicated preventive cardiology or lipid programs. A 2023 JAMA Cardiology analysis noted that patients with familial hypercholesterolemia seen in specialized lipid clinics achieved LDL-C reductions 12 to 18 mg/dL greater than matched controls managed in general practice, highlighting the value of specialist referral in select cases. [25]

Frequently asked questions

How do I get a Lipitor prescription in Illinois?
You can get atorvastatin (Lipitor) in Illinois through an in-person visit with a primary care physician, internist, or cardiologist, or through a licensed Illinois telehealth provider. You will need a fasting lipid panel and liver function tests before the prescription is issued. Once the provider reviews your labs and cardiovascular risk, they send an electronic prescription to your Illinois pharmacy. Most telehealth platforms complete this in 1 to 3 business days after labs are received.
What labs are needed before Lipitor in Illinois?
Most Illinois providers require a fasting lipid panel (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides), liver function tests (ALT and AST), and a comprehensive metabolic panel before starting atorvastatin. Some providers also order a baseline creatine kinase (CK) if you have muscle symptoms or take medications that interact with statins. Labs drawn within the past 12 months are generally acceptable without redrawing.
Are there telehealth providers in Illinois prescribing Lipitor?
Yes. Illinois law under Public Act 101-0728 and the Illinois Telehealth Act allows licensed Illinois providers to prescribe atorvastatin via telehealth after a valid clinical encounter. Several national telehealth platforms maintain active Illinois licenses. The visit can be synchronous video or asynchronous chart review depending on the platform's model. Insurance must be reimbursed at parity with in-person visits under Illinois telehealth parity law.
How long until I receive Lipitor in Illinois?
Telehealth platforms typically issue the prescription within 24 to 72 hours of receiving your labs. Retail Illinois pharmacies such as Walgreens, CVS, and Jewel-Osco Pharmacy usually fill atorvastatin same-day. Mail-order pharmacies licensed in Illinois deliver in 2 to 5 business days. If Illinois Medicaid prior authorization is required for brand-name Lipitor, add 72 hours for the PA decision.
Can I transfer a Lipitor prescription to Illinois?
Yes. Under the Illinois Pharmacy Practice Act (225 ILCS 85) and Illinois Administrative Code Title 68 Part 1330, a licensed Illinois pharmacist may accept a transferred prescription for atorvastatin from an out-of-state pharmacy, provided the original has refills remaining and the originating pharmacy cancels it upon transfer. Call your chosen Illinois pharmacy with the name and phone number of your current pharmacy to initiate the transfer.
Are 503A pharmacies in Illinois licensed to ship atorvastatin?
Illinois-licensed 503A pharmacies may compound atorvastatin for individual patients when a commercial product does not meet the patient's specific clinical need, such as a non-standard dose or formulation. They cannot ship compounded preparations to patients in other states without complying with both Illinois law and the destination state's pharmacy regulations. FDA policy restricts 503A compounding of atorvastatin to situations where the commercial product is inadequate.
Who can prescribe Lipitor in Illinois: MD vs NP vs PA?
In Illinois, MDs, DOs, nurse practitioners (NPs), and physician assistants (PAs) all hold legal authority to prescribe atorvastatin. NPs in Illinois prescribe under the Illinois Nurse Practice Act (225 ILCS 65). PAs prescribe under the Physician Assistant Practice Act of 1987 (225 ILCS 95). There is no clinical or legal difference in the validity of the prescription based on which license type issues it.
What documentation does prior authorization require in Illinois?
Illinois Medicaid prior authorization for brand-name Lipitor typically requires a fasting lipid panel showing LDL-C at or above ACC/AHA treatment thresholds, an ICD-10 diagnosis code for hyperlipidemia (E78.00 to E78.5) or ASCVD, and documentation of intolerance or contraindication to generic atorvastatin if the request is for branded Lipitor specifically. Generic atorvastatin does not require prior authorization on the Illinois Medicaid preferred drug list and can be dispensed immediately.

References

  1. Sever PS, Dahlöf B, Poulter NR, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9364):1149-1158. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12686036/
  2. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol. Circulation. 2019;139(25):e1082-e1143. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30586774/
  3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Lipitor (atorvastatin calcium) Prescribing Information. Pfizer Inc. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/020702s056lbl.pdf
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heart Disease Facts. National Center for Health Statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm
  5. Illinois General Assembly. Illinois Telehealth Act, Public Act 101-0728. 215 ILCS 5/356z.22. https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=4080
  6. Illinois General Assembly. Illinois Nurse Practice Act. 225 ILCS 65. https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=1312
  7. Illinois General Assembly. Physician Assistant Practice Act of 1987. 225 ILCS 95. https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=1347
  8. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein (JUPITER). N Engl J Med. 2008;359(21):2195-2207. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18997196/
  9. Law MR, Wald NJ, Rudnicka AR. Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2003;326(7404):1423. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12829554/
  10. Illinois Department of Human Services. Illinois Prescription Monitoring Program (ILPMP). https://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=58142
  11. Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services. Illinois Medicaid Preferred Drug List. https://www.illinois.gov/hfs/MedicalProviders/Pharmacy/Pages/default.aspx
  12. US Preventive Services Task Force. Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2022;328(8):746-753. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35997723/
  13. Illinois General Assembly. Illinois Pharmacy Practice Act. 225 ILCS 85. https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=1318
  14. Interstate Medical Licensure Compact. Participating States. https://www.imlcc.org/a-faster-pathway-to-physician-licensure/
  15. U.S. Pharmacopeia. USP General Chapter 795: Pharmaceutical Compounding - Nonsterile Preparations. https://www.uspnf.com/sites/default/files/usp_pdf/EN/USPNF/usp-nf-notices/gc795-final-revision-notice-20230501.pdf
  16. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Compounding: Guidance for Industry - Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/bulk-drug-substances-used-compounding-under-section-503a-fdca
  17. Terkeltaub RA, Furst DE, Digiacinto JL, Regula J, Saag KG, Schumacher HR. Novel evidence-based colchicine dose-reduction algorithm to predict and prevent colchicine toxicity in the presence of cytochrome P450 3A4/P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(8):2226-2237. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21538328/
  18. Wood FA, Howard JP, Finegold JA, et al. N-of-1 trial of a statin, placebo, or no treatment to assess side effects. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(22):2182-2184. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33196154/
  19. Bays H, Cohen DE, Chalasani N, Harrison SA. An assessment by the Statin Liver Safety Task Force: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8(3 Suppl):S47-57. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24793441/