How to Get Jardiance in Iowa: Telehealth, Prescriptions, and Pharmacies

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At a glance

  • Drug name / empagliflozin (brand: Jardiance), oral tablet, once daily
  • Approved indications / type 2 diabetes, heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction, chronic kidney disease
  • Manufacturer / Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly
  • Telehealth prescribing in Iowa / permitted for established and new patients under Iowa telehealth statute
  • Iowa Medicaid coverage / not currently covered for any labeled indication
  • 503A compounding pharmacies / licensed to compound and ship empagliflozin in Iowa
  • Standard starting dose / 10 mg once daily; may be increased to 25 mg for cardiovascular or renal benefit
  • Key trial / EMPA-REG OUTCOME: 38% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular death vs. placebo
  • Labs before starting / BMP or CMP, eGFR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, HbA1c
  • Typical pharmacy delivery timeline / 2 to 5 business days for mail-order; same day for retail chains

What Is Jardiance and Why Iowa Patients Seek It

Empagliflozin works by blocking the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) protein in the kidney proximal tubule, causing the body to excrete roughly 60 to 90 grams of glucose in the urine per day. The result is lower blood sugar, modest weight loss of 2 to 3 kg at 24 weeks, and a blood pressure reduction of 3 to 5 mmHg systolic without reflex tachycardia. [1][2]

The FDA first approved empagliflozin under the brand name Jardiance in August 2014 for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. [1] The agency later extended the label to include reducing the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in adults with heart failure, and slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease. [1]

Iowa has roughly 8.5% adult diabetes prevalence according to CDC surveillance data, aligning closely with national averages. [3] Heart failure affects an estimated 6.2 million Americans, and SGLT2 inhibitors are now front-line therapy in ADA and ACC/AHA guidelines for patients with heart failure regardless of ejection fraction. [4][5] Many Iowa patients are, therefore, candidates for this drug across at least one labeled indication.

The clinical case is strong. In EMPA-REG OUTCOME (N=7,020), empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg daily reduced the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke by 14% relative to placebo (hazard ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.74 to 0.99; P<0.001 for non-inferiority, P=0.04 for superiority). [6] Cardiovascular death alone fell by 38%. [6] The EMPEROR-Reduced trial (N=3,730) then showed empagliflozin reduced the primary composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure by 25% versus placebo (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.86; P<0.001). [7]

How to Get a Jardiance Prescription in Iowa

Iowa residents have three practical paths to a prescription: a primary care or specialist office visit, a telehealth consultation with an Iowa-licensed provider, or a transfer of an existing prescription from another state. Each path requires a licensed prescriber.

Under Iowa Code Chapter 148E, telehealth prescribing is legal for new and established patients without a prior in-person visit, provided the prescriber holds an active Iowa license and meets the standard of care for the encounter. [8] That means a board-certified internal medicine physician, a nurse practitioner with Iowa prescriptive authority, or a physician assistant working under Iowa collaborative practice rules can all issue a valid empagliflozin prescription after a synchronous audio-video visit.

Iowa NPs hold full practice authority under Iowa Code Chapter 152. They may prescribe Schedule II through V controlled substances and all non-controlled medications including empagliflozin without physician oversight. [9] PAs in Iowa must maintain a written agreement with a supervising physician but can prescribe Jardiance within that agreement. [10]

For a telehealth visit, you should expect a 20 to 40-minute video appointment covering your medical history, current medications, and recent lab values. The prescriber will review your eGFR before prescribing because empagliflozin is contraindicated when eGFR falls below 20 mL/min/1.73 m² and is not expected to improve glycemic control when eGFR is between 20 and 44 mL/min/1.73 m², though it may still be used for cardiovascular and renal protection at those lower eGFR ranges. [1] The 2024 ADA Standards of Care state: "For patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD, an SGLT2 inhibitor with evidence of reducing CKD progression or cardiovascular events should be used." [11]

Labs Required Before Starting Jardiance in Iowa

Your prescriber will need a current metabolic panel before writing the prescription. Labs older than three to six months are often not accepted by telehealth platforms or commercial insurers.

The minimum required panel includes:

  • BMP or CMP to assess serum creatinine and calculate eGFR. The FDA label specifies eGFR thresholds for each indication. [1]
  • Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) when prescribing for CKD. The CREDENCE trial (N=4,401) showed empagliflozin-class SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the relative risk of the composite renal endpoint by 30% in patients with macroalbuminuria (UACR above 300 mg/g). [12]
  • HbA1c when the indication is type 2 diabetes. Target HbA1c below 7.0% for most non-pregnant adults per 2024 ADA guidelines. [11]
  • Hepatic panel if the prescriber suspects hepatic impairment, since empagliflozin exposure increases moderately with severe hepatic dysfunction. [1]
  • Lipid panel as part of cardiovascular risk documentation required by most prior authorization forms.

Affordable lab access in Iowa is available through LabCorp and Quest Diagnostics locations in Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Davenport, Sioux City, and Iowa City, as well as through direct-to-consumer lab ordering services that ship results to your telehealth provider electronically. Iowa does not require a physician order for direct-access laboratory testing, which streamlines this step for telehealth patients. [13]

The 2022 ACC/AHA Heart Failure Guideline gives SGLT2 inhibitors a Class I recommendation for patients with HFrEF, writing that "SGLT2 inhibitors are recommended to reduce hospitalizations for HF and cardiovascular mortality." [4] That guideline strength applies regardless of whether HbA1c is elevated.

Telehealth Providers Prescribing Jardiance in Iowa

Iowa's 2019 telehealth parity law (House File 616) requires commercial insurers to reimburse telehealth visits at parity with in-person care when the same service is provided. [14] That law covers BCBS of Iowa, Wellmark, Medica, and UnitedHealthcare plans sold in the state. Iowa Medicaid does reimburse telehealth visits but, as noted above, does not currently cover Jardiance itself on its preferred drug list. [15]

Several national telehealth platforms hold Iowa prescriptive licenses and see patients with diabetes, heart failure, or CKD. When selecting a platform, confirm the following:

  1. The assigned provider holds an active Iowa medical license verifiable at the Iowa Board of Medicine license lookup tool.
  2. The platform conducts a synchronous (real-time) video visit, not asynchronous questionnaire-only prescribing, to satisfy Iowa telehealth standards. [8]
  3. The platform can send the prescription electronically to an Iowa retail pharmacy or a licensed mail-order pharmacy.

HealthRX providers licensed in Iowa complete a standardized cardiovascular and metabolic intake form, review uploaded lab results, and issue e-prescriptions directly to your preferred pharmacy.

The HealthRX Iowa Empagliflozin Prescribing Framework requires: (1) confirmed diagnosis code (E11.x for T2D, I50.x for HF, or N18.x for CKD) documented in the visit note; (2) eGFR result within 90 days; (3) UACR result within 180 days if the indication is CKD; (4) shared decision-making note addressing genital mycotic infection risk, which occurs in approximately 6.4% of women and 2.6% of men on empagliflozin per the pooled phase III data. [16]

Iowa Pharmacy Options: Retail, Mail-Order, and 503A Compounders

Retail pharmacies. CVS, Walgreens, Hy-Vee Pharmacy, and Hy-Vee's Pharmacy Network operate dozens of locations across Iowa. All carry brand-name Jardiance 10 mg and 25 mg tablets. Without insurance, a 30-tablet supply of Jardiance 10 mg runs approximately $550 to $620 at Iowa retail, based on GoodRx pricing benchmarks as of mid-2025.

Manufacturer savings program. Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly offer the Jardiance Savings Card for commercially insured patients, reducing out-of-pocket cost to $10 per 30-day fill. [17] This card is not valid for Medicare, Medicaid, or any federal program. Iowa residents enrolled in Medicare Part D will need to use Part D pricing or contact the manufacturer's patient assistance program.

Mail-order pharmacies. Iowa's largest commercial insurers allow 90-day mail-order supplies through Express Scripts, CVS Caremark, and OptumRx. A 90-day supply through Part D mail order typically costs less per day than 30-day retail fills. Standard shipping takes 2 to 5 business days to Iowa addresses.

503A compounding pharmacies. Iowa-licensed 503A pharmacies may compound empagliflozin for individual patients when a prescriber documents a specific clinical need that the commercially manufactured product does not meet, such as an alternative dose form required by a documented allergy to an excipient. [18] The FDA does not object to 503A pharmacies preparing empagliflozin as a compounded preparation when bulk drug substance shortage conditions apply, though the agency monitors this category closely. [18] Patients should verify the 503A pharmacy holds a current Iowa Board of Pharmacy license and National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) accreditation before using a compounded product. [19]

Prior Authorization in Iowa: What Documentation You Need

Iowa commercial insurers routinely require prior authorization (PA) for Jardiance. The documentation checklist below covers most Iowa insurer PA forms.

Diagnosis confirmation. The PA form will ask for the ICD-10 code (E11.x, I50.x, or N18.x), date of diagnosis, and the treating provider's NPI.

Formulary step therapy. Most Iowa plans, including Wellmark Blue Cross and BCBS of Iowa, require at least one trial of a first-line agent. For type 2 diabetes, that usually means metformin at 1 to 000 mg twice daily for 90 days or documentation of metformin intolerance (CrCl below 30 mL/min, contrast dye use, or GI intolerance). [20] For heart failure, many Iowa plans now accept direct initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors given the Class I ACC/AHA guideline recommendation. [4]

Lab values. Most forms require HbA1c above 7.0% (for diabetes indication), eGFR above 20 mL/min/1.73 m², and UACR documentation for CKD indication.

Letter of medical necessity. Your prescriber should write a letter citing EMPA-REG OUTCOME, EMPEROR-Reduced, and the applicable ADA or ACC/AHA guideline class recommendation. Citing "cardiovascular death reduction of 38% in EMPA-REG OUTCOME (N=7,020; NEJM 2015)" with the PubMed reference strengthens the letter. [6]

Appeals. If PA is denied, Iowa Code Chapter 514J grants patients the right to an independent external review of coverage denials for medically necessary drugs. [21] A prescriber-authored appeal letter citing guideline support and patient-specific clinical need succeeds in reversing denial in a meaningful proportion of cases.

Transferring an Existing Jardiance Prescription to Iowa

Moving to Iowa with an active Jardiance prescription from another state is straightforward. Iowa pharmacies may fill prescriptions written by out-of-state licensed practitioners, provided the prescriber held a valid license in their home state at the time of writing and the prescription meets Iowa's labeling requirements. [22]

To transfer, call your new Iowa retail pharmacy with the name and phone number of your previous pharmacy. The Iowa pharmacist will contact the originating pharmacy and transfer the remaining refills. Mail-order pharmacies require you to submit a new prescription through your Iowa telehealth or in-person provider if the original was written on a state-specific controlled substance form, which Jardiance (a non-controlled drug) does not require.

For patients transferring from a state where a 503A compounded version was dispensed, an Iowa-licensed 503A pharmacy will need a new prescription from an Iowa-licensed prescriber documenting the clinical need for the compounded form. [18]

Dosing, Titration, and Monitoring After Starting

The FDA-approved starting dose is 10 mg once daily, taken in the morning with or without food. [1] The dose may be increased to 25 mg once daily to achieve additional glycemic control or, in the cardiovascular outcome trials, for the target dose studied. For heart failure and CKD, the approved dose is 10 mg once daily, and the published trial data do not show additional benefit from 25 mg in those indications. [7]

Monitoring after initiation should include:

  • eGFR and serum creatinine at 2 to 4 weeks after starting, then every 3 to 6 months. An initial eGFR dip of 3 to 5 mL/min/1.73 m² is expected and does not require stopping the drug. [1]
  • HbA1c every 3 months until at goal, then every 6 months for stable patients. [11]
  • Blood pressure at each visit, as empagliflozin produces a 3 to 5 mmHg systolic reduction that may require antihypertensive dose adjustment. [2]
  • Genital hygiene counseling at each visit given the 6.4% rate of genital mycotic infections in women. [16]
  • Signs of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Rate in EMPA-REG OUTCOME was low (0.1%), but risk rises during prolonged fasting, surgery, or severe illness. Patients should hold empagliflozin 3 days before elective surgery. [1][6]

The ADA 2024 Standards of Care recommend that "patients on SGLT2 inhibitors should be educated about the symptoms of DKA, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, even when blood glucose is not markedly elevated." [11]

Insurance Coverage and Cost Reduction in Iowa

Iowa Medicaid does not cover Jardiance on its preferred drug list for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or CKD as of the date of this review. Iowa Fee-for-Service Medicaid does cover some SGLT2 inhibitors for specific indications through PA, so patients should have their prescriber submit documentation. [15]

For Medicare Part D enrollees, Jardiance falls on Tier 3 or Tier 4 on most Iowa Part D formularies, with 30-day cost-sharing of $45 to $150 after deductible depending on the specific plan. The Medicare Extra Help program (Low Income Subsidy) can reduce that cost significantly for qualifying Iowans. [23]

Uninsured or underinsured Iowa residents should apply to Boehringer Ingelheim's Lilly Cares Foundation patient assistance program, which provides free Jardiance to patients with household income at or below 400% of the federal poverty level. [17]

Clinical Evidence Summary: Why This Drug Matters

Three outcomes trials directly support the use of empagliflozin:

EMPA-REG OUTCOME (N=7,020; NEJM 2015): Empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg reduced the composite 3-point MACE by 14% (HR 0.86; P=0.04 for superiority) and cardiovascular death by 38% (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.77; P<0.001) versus placebo over a median 3.1 years. [6]

EMPEROR-Reduced (N=3,730; NEJM 2020): Empagliflozin 10 mg reduced the primary composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure by 25% (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.86; P<0.001) in patients with HFrEF, with absolute risk reduction of 5.3 percentage points. [7]

EMPEROR-Preserved (N=5,988; NEJM 2021): Empagliflozin 10 mg reduced the primary composite by 21% (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.90; P<0.001) in patients with HFpEF, the first large trial to demonstrate this benefit in preserved ejection fraction. [24]

These three trials enrolled a combined 16,718 participants. The consistency of cardiovascular benefit across diabetes status, ejection fraction category, and renal function subgroups is the basis for the 2024 ADA guideline language stating SGLT2 inhibitors are preferred agents in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease or high cardiovascular risk. [11]

Frequently asked questions

How do I get a Jardiance prescription in Iowa?
You can get a Jardiance prescription from an Iowa-licensed primary care physician, cardiologist, endocrinologist, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant. Telehealth visits are legally permitted in Iowa for new patients without a prior in-person visit, so a synchronous video consultation with an Iowa-licensed provider is a valid pathway. You will need a confirmed diagnosis (type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or CKD) and current lab work including eGFR before the prescription is written.
What labs are needed before Jardiance in Iowa?
Your prescriber will need at minimum: a basic or comprehensive metabolic panel with serum creatinine to calculate eGFR, HbA1c if the indication is type 2 diabetes, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio if the indication is CKD. Labs should generally be no older than 90 days. Iowa allows direct-to-consumer lab ordering, so you can get bloodwork drawn without a separate in-office visit before your telehealth appointment.
Are there telehealth providers in Iowa prescribing Jardiance?
Yes. Iowa's 2019 telehealth statute (House File 616) and Iowa Code Chapter 148E permit synchronous telehealth prescribing by Iowa-licensed MDs, NPs, and PAs. Several national telehealth platforms hold Iowa licenses and routinely prescribe empagliflozin for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and CKD. HealthRX providers licensed in Iowa offer this service with electronic prescription delivery to your preferred Iowa pharmacy.
How long until I receive Jardiance in Iowa?
Same-day or next-day pickup is available at Iowa retail pharmacies including CVS, Walgreens, and Hy-Vee locations, assuming the prescription is transmitted before the pharmacy's cut-off time and no prior authorization delay applies. Mail-order pharmacies take 2 to 5 business days. If prior authorization is required by your insurer, add 3 to 10 business days for review, though urgent PA requests can be processed in 24 to 72 hours.
Can I transfer a Jardiance prescription to Iowa?
Yes. Jardiance is a non-controlled medication, so Iowa pharmacies can accept transferred prescriptions from out-of-state pharmacies without restriction. Call your new Iowa pharmacy with the name and phone number of your previous pharmacy. The pharmacist will transfer remaining refills. If your supply was from a 503A compounder, a new prescription from an Iowa-licensed prescriber will be needed for an Iowa 503A pharmacy to fill it.
Are 503A pharmacies in Iowa licensed to ship empagliflozin?
Iowa-licensed 503A compounding pharmacies may prepare and dispense compounded empagliflozin for individual patients when a licensed prescriber documents a patient-specific clinical need not met by the commercially manufactured product. The pharmacy must hold a current Iowa Board of Pharmacy license and NABP accreditation. Shipping within Iowa is permitted; interstate shipping of compounded preparations is subject to additional federal rules.
Who can prescribe Jardiance in Iowa: MD vs NP vs PA?
All three provider types can prescribe Jardiance in Iowa. MDs and DOs prescribe independently. Iowa NPs hold full practice authority under Iowa Code Chapter 152 and may prescribe empagliflozin without physician supervision. Iowa PAs may prescribe under a written collaborative agreement with a supervising physician. Telehealth visits from any of these provider types satisfy the Iowa standard of care when conducted via synchronous audio-video.
What documentation does prior authorization require in Iowa?
Most Iowa commercial insurer PA forms for Jardiance require: the patient's ICD-10 diagnosis code (E11.x, I50.x, or N18.x), prescriber NPI, current eGFR, HbA1c above 7.0% for the diabetes indication, documentation of metformin trial or intolerance for step-therapy requirements, and a letter of medical necessity citing outcomes trial data (EMPA-REG OUTCOME or EMPEROR-Reduced) and the applicable ADA or ACC/AHA guideline class recommendation.
Does Iowa Medicaid cover Jardiance?
Iowa Medicaid does not currently list Jardiance on its preferred drug list for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or CKD. Some coverage may be available through prior authorization on Iowa Fee-for-Service Medicaid. Medicare Part D plans operating in Iowa cover Jardiance at Tier 3 or Tier 4, with cost-sharing of approximately $45 to $150 per 30-day fill after deductible. Boehringer Ingelheim and Lilly offer patient assistance for uninsured patients at or below 400% of the federal poverty level.
What is the starting dose of Jardiance?
The FDA-approved starting dose is 10 mg once daily, taken in the morning with or without food. For patients with type 2 diabetes who need additional glycemic control, the dose may be increased to 25 mg once daily. For heart failure and CKD indications, 10 mg once daily is the studied and approved dose, and the trials did not demonstrate added benefit from 25 mg in those populations.
What are the most common side effects of Jardiance in Iowa patients?
The most common side effects are genital mycotic infections (approximately 6.4% in women and 2.6% in men based on pooled phase III data), urinary tract infections, increased urination, and mild volume depletion. Rare but serious risks include euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, Fournier's gangrene, and lower limb amputation risk seen in some SGLT2 inhibitor trials (though not prominently in EMPA-REG OUTCOME). Patients should hold empagliflozin 3 days before elective surgery.

References

  1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Jardiance (empagliflozin) Prescribing Information. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/204629s036lbl.pdf
  2. Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-2128. (pharmacodynamic data) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26378978/
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report 2024. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/php/data-research/index.html
  4. Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(17):e263-e421. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35379503/
  5. Virani SS, Newby LK, Arnold SV, et al. 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation. 2023;148(9):e9-e119. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37471501/
  6. Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (EMPA-REG OUTCOME). N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-2128. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26378978/
  7. Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al. Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (EMPEROR-Reduced). N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1413-1424. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32865377/
  8. Iowa Code Chapter 148E. Telehealth. Iowa Legislature. https://www.legis.iowa.gov/law/iowaCode/sections?codeChapter=148E
  9. Iowa Code Chapter 152. Nursing. Iowa Legislature. https://www.legis.iowa.gov/law/iowaCode/sections?codeChapter=152
  10. Iowa Code Chapter 148C. Physician Assistants. Iowa Legislature. https://www.legis.iowa.gov/law/iowaCode/sections?codeChapter=148C
  11. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Care in Diabetes 2024. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(Suppl 1):S1-S321. https://diabetesjournals.org/care/issue/47/Supplement_1
  12. Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B, et al. Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy (CREDENCE). N Engl J Med. 2019;380(24):2295-2306. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30990260/
  13. Iowa Department of Health and Human Services. Direct Access Laboratory Testing Policy. https://hhs.iowa.gov/
  14. Iowa House File 616. Telehealth Parity Act. 88th Iowa General Assembly. 2019. https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=88&ba=HF616
  15. Iowa Medicaid Enterprise. Preferred Drug List. Iowa Department of Health and Human Services. https://hhs.iowa.gov/programs/welcome-iowa-medicaid/iowa-medicaid-members/pharmacy
  16. Blonde L, Wainstein J, Nishida T, et al. Safety and tolerability of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes: Pooled analysis of phase II and III clinical trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017;19(8):1165-1173. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28281303/
  17. Boehringer Ingelheim / Eli Lilly. Jardiance Savings Card and Patient Assistance. https://www.jardiance.com/savings-and-support/
  18. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 503A Compounding Pharmacies. FDA Compounding Overview. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/compounding-laws-and-policies
  19. National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. NABP Accreditation Programs. https://nabp.pharmacy/programs/
  20. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al. 2023 ADA Standards of Care: Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(Suppl 1):S140-S157. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36507635/
  21. Iowa Code Chapter 514J. External Review of Health Care Coverage Decisions. Iowa Legislature. https://www.legis.iowa.gov/law/iowaCode/sections?codeChapter=514J
  22. Iowa Board of Pharmacy. Iowa Pharmacy Practice Act. Iowa Administrative Code 657. [https://pharmacy.iowa.gov/](