Jardiance Cost in Idaho 2026: Price, Insurance, Medicaid and Compounded Options

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At a glance

  • Brand list price / ~$680/month in Idaho (2026)
  • Idaho Medicaid coverage / Not covered for most indications
  • Compounded empagliflozin (503A) / Legal in Idaho; cost varies by pharmacy
  • Telehealth prescribing / Legal in Idaho
  • Standard dose / 10 mg or 25 mg oral tablet once daily
  • FDA-approved indications / Type 2 diabetes, heart failure (HFrEF and HFpEF), CKD
  • Boehringer Ingelheim / Lilly savings card / As low as $10/month for eligible commercially insured patients
  • GoodRx / SingleCare cash-pay range / $620-$690/month at Idaho chains
  • EMPA-REG OUTCOME cardiovascular mortality reduction / 38% relative risk reduction vs. placebo
  • Primary generic availability / No FDA-approved generic empagliflozin tablet as of mid-2025

What Is Jardiance and Why Does the Price Matter

Jardiance is the brand name for empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly. It works by blocking glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule of the kidney, causing excess glucose to be excreted in urine. The result is lower blood sugar, modest weight loss of 2-4 kg, and a small but consistent blood-pressure reduction of 3-5 mmHg systolic. [1]

The drug carries three distinct FDA-approved indications. First, glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Second, reduction of cardiovascular death risk in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. Third, reduction of hospitalization for heart failure in adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and, after 2022 label expansion, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A fourth indication, slowing progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), was added in 2023. [2]

Each indication matters for Idaho cost discussions because insurance coverage rules, prior authorization requirements, and Medicaid coverage decisions often hinge on which diagnosis is listed on the prescription. An Idaho patient with type 2 diabetes alone faces different coverage than a patient with CKD stage 3b and proteinuria.

The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (N=7,020, median follow-up 3.1 years) remains the cornerstone evidence for the cardiovascular indication. Empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes by 38% compared with placebo (3.7% vs. 5.9%; hazard ratio 0.62; 95% CI 0.49-0.77; P<0.001). [3] That magnitude of cardiovascular benefit is why cardiologists and endocrinologists routinely argue that access barriers translate into preventable deaths, not merely inconvenience.

The 2023 ADA Standards of Care recommend empagliflozin (or another SGLT2 inhibitor with proven cardiovascular or renal benefit) as a preferred add-on to metformin for patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, or CKD, independent of baseline HbA1c. [4]

Jardiance Retail Price in Idaho in 2026

Brand Jardiance has no FDA-approved generic competitor as of mid-2025. That single fact explains most of the pricing story.

The Boehringer Ingelheim / Lilly manufacturer wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) for Jardiance 10 mg (30-tablet supply) is approximately $680 per month in 2026. [5] Idaho retail pharmacies, including Albertsons, Fred Meyer, Walgreens, and Walmart, typically price at or near WAC for uninsured cash-paying customers. GoodRx coupons reduce that figure only modestly, to a range of $620-$690 per 30-tablet supply depending on the specific pharmacy location and negotiated rate.

Walmart's in-house generic drug program does not include empagliflozin because no generic tablet is FDA-approved. Mark Cuban's Cost Plus Drugs (costplusdrugs.com) lists empagliflozin at a substantially lower price point for the API-based compound, though that product operates under different regulatory rules than the brand tablet.

Idaho has no state pharmaceutical pricing assistance program that specifically covers Jardiance as of January 2026. [6] The state operates the Idaho Senior Health Insurance Benefits Advisors (SHIBA) program, which can help Medicare beneficiaries review Part D plan formularies, but SHIBA does not negotiate drug prices directly.

For a 90-day supply, most Idaho chains quote $1,980-$2,040 before insurance. That three-month cost exceeds Idaho's median monthly per-capita personal income in many rural counties, which explains why cost is the number-one reason patients in the state discontinue SGLT2 inhibitors within the first six months of therapy. [7]

Idaho Medicaid Coverage for Jardiance

Idaho Medicaid (administered through the Department of Health and Welfare) does not cover Jardiance for type 2 diabetes as a preferred agent on the 2025-2026 preferred drug list (PDL). [6] The state PDL favors older, cheaper oral antidiabetics, including metformin, glipizide, and pioglitazone. SGLT2 inhibitors as a class are listed as non-preferred, meaning a prescriber must submit a prior authorization (PA) documenting that a preferred agent was tried and failed or is contraindicated.

Even with a successful PA, coverage approval is not guaranteed. Idaho Medicaid reviewers apply clinical criteria that often require an HbA1c above 8% despite 90 days of metformin monotherapy, plus documentation of at least one preferred agent failure. The process typically takes 5-14 business days.

For the heart failure and CKD indications, Idaho Medicaid has shown somewhat greater openness to prior authorization approvals because the cardiovascular outcome data are harder to dismiss. The EMPEROR-Reduced trial (N=3,730) demonstrated that empagliflozin 10 mg reduced the composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failure by 25% compared with placebo (19.4% vs. 24.7%; hazard ratio 0.75; 95% CI 0.65-0.86; P<0.001). [8] Citing this trial in a PA letter, alongside the 2022 AHA/ACC heart failure guideline (Class I, Level A recommendation for SGLT2 inhibitors in HFrEF) [9], materially improves approval rates.

Idaho Medicaid enrollees on the Healthy Idaho Plus (Medicaid expansion) plan face the same PDL structure. There is no separate formulary for expansion enrollees that is more permissive for Jardiance.

Commercial Insurance Coverage in Idaho

Most commercial plans sold on the Your Health Idaho (YHI) exchange and through employer groups place Jardiance on Tier 3 or Tier 4. A Tier 3 copay typically runs $60-$90 per 30-day fill after deductible; Tier 4 can reach $100-$150 or a 20-25% coinsurance up to the out-of-pocket maximum.

Blue Cross of Idaho, Regence BlueShield of Idaho, and SelectHealth (the three largest carriers in the state) all require a step-therapy protocol before covering Jardiance for type 2 diabetes. The required prior step is typically metformin at maximum tolerated dose for at least 60-90 days. For the cardiovascular or heart failure indications, some plans waive step therapy entirely when the diagnosis code is I50.x (heart failure) or N18.x (CKD). [10]

Medicare Part D coverage varies by plan. Patients enrolled in a stand-alone Prescription Drug Plan (PDP) or Medicare Advantage plan must check their specific formulary. The Low Income Subsidy (LIS, also called Extra Help) reduces Part D cost-sharing significantly, often bringing a Tier 3 drug to a $10.35 copay per fill in 2026. Idaho has approximately 47,000 Part D enrollees who qualify for LIS, many of whom are unaware they qualify. [11]

The 2026 Medicare Part D redesign (IRA provisions) caps out-of-pocket drug spending at $2,000 annually. For Jardiance patients who previously hit the coverage gap (formerly the "donut hole"), this cap is meaningful: total annual exposure at $680/month list price could have reached $4,500+ before the reform.

The Boehringer Ingelheim / Lilly Savings Card

Boehringer Ingelheim and Lilly co-market Jardiance and jointly operate the Jardiance Savings Card program. Commercially insured patients who are not enrolled in any federal or state government health program (Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, VA, IHS) may pay as little as $10 per 30-day fill, with the manufacturer covering the balance up to a monthly cap of approximately $150. [5]

The $10/month offer is not available to Idaho Medicaid enrollees, Medicare Part D enrollees, or uninsured patients. Uninsured patients qualify for a separate program that reduces cost to approximately $145-$180 per month, depending on income documentation. That is still a significant reduction from the $680 WAC.

To activate the savings card, a patient visits LillyInsulin.com or the Jardiance website, completes a two-minute online registration, and presents the card (physical or digital) at an Idaho pharmacy. The pharmacist runs it as a secondary claim. Most major Idaho pharmacy chains accept it. Independent rural pharmacies in Idaho may need to be reminded the card is processed like a secondary insurance, not a manufacturer coupon.

The HealthRX Access Tier Framework for Idaho Jardiance Patients places patients in one of four tiers based on insurance status and income:

  • Tier 1 (Commercially insured, not government program): Use savings card. Target cost $10/month.
  • Tier 2 (Medicare Part D, qualifies for LIS): Copay $10.35/month on most formularies.
  • Tier 3 (Idaho Medicaid, PA approved): $3-$5 copay if approved; pursue PA with EMPEROR-Reduced and AHA/ACC guideline citations.
  • Tier 4 (Uninsured or Medicaid denied): Evaluate compounded empagliflozin via Idaho-licensed 503A pharmacy or manufacturer uninsured program.

Compounded Empagliflozin in Idaho: Legality and Cost

Compounded empagliflozin is legal in Idaho when dispensed by a pharmacy holding a valid 503A license under the Idaho State Board of Pharmacy and operating under a valid patient-specific prescription. [12] Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act governs traditional compounding pharmacies and requires a licensed practitioner's prescription for an identified individual patient.

Empagliflozin is not currently on the FDA's 503B outsourcing facility drug shortage list, meaning bulk compounding by 503B outsourcing facilities for office stock is not permitted under current federal policy. However, 503A compounding, which requires an individual prescription, remains legal for empagliflozin in Idaho as of early 2026. [13]

A licensed Idaho telehealth prescriber can send a valid prescription to a 503A pharmacy. The pharmacy then compounds empagliflozin in the ordered dose, typically 10 mg or 25 mg oral capsules, and ships directly to the patient. Cost at 503A pharmacies ranges from roughly $45-$90 per month, a fraction of the brand price.

Patients considering compounded empagliflozin should confirm three things: (1) the pharmacy holds a current Idaho Board of Pharmacy license or is licensed in Idaho as an out-of-state pharmacy, (2) the compound is made from pharmaceutical-grade API sourced from an FDA-registered facility, and (3) a board-certified prescriber has reviewed labs (eGFR, urinalysis, metabolic panel) before initiating therapy, because empagliflozin is contraindicated when eGFR falls below 20 mL/min/1.73m2. [14]

Compounded empagliflozin lacks the pharmacokinetic bioequivalence data of the brand tablet. That is not a trivial distinction. The brand tablet uses a specific film-coating technology that affects dissolution. A patient switching from brand to compound should have HbA1c and fasting glucose rechecked at 8-12 weeks. [15]

Telehealth Prescribing of Jardiance in Idaho

Idaho allows telehealth prescribing of non-controlled substances, including empagliflozin, without a prior in-person visit as long as the prescriber establishes a valid provider-patient relationship through a synchronous audio-video encounter. [16] A phone-only encounter does not meet the Idaho Board of Medicine standard for establishing a new prescribing relationship for Jardiance.

HealthRX telehealth visits with an Idaho-licensed prescriber include a review of baseline labs (eGFR, HbA1c, blood pressure, BMP) before empagliflozin is initiated. The FDA label contraindicates use when eGFR <20 mL/min/1.73m2 and notes reduced glycemic efficacy when eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m2, though the cardiovascular and renal protective benefits persist at eGFR 20-45. [2]

Patients in rural Idaho counties, including Custer, Lemhi, and Clark Counties where the nearest endocrinologist may be 150+ miles away, benefit most from telehealth access. Idaho's telehealth parity law (Idaho Code 54-5704) requires commercial insurers to reimburse telehealth visits at the same rate as in-person visits, which removes the cost barrier to a telehealth consultation for most commercially insured patients. [16]

Side Effects and Contraindications That Affect Prescribing Decisions

SGLT2 inhibitors carry a class-wide risk of urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections. In EMPA-REG OUTCOME, genital mycotic infections occurred in 6.4% of women taking empagliflozin vs. 1.8% of placebo (P<0.001) and in 1.8% of men vs. 0.1% placebo. [3] These are generally mild and treatable but worth discussing before initiation.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can occur with SGLT2 inhibitors, sometimes at near-normal glucose levels (euglycemic DKA). The FDA issued a safety communication on this risk in 2015. [17] Empagliflozin should be held for at least 3 days before elective surgery and for any prolonged fasting period. Patients who present to an Idaho emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain should have ketones checked regardless of their glucose level.

The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy. Women of childbearing age in Idaho who are prescribed empagliflozin should be counseled to use contraception, as animal studies showed fetal harm and the drug is classified FDA Pregnancy Category not established under the newer labeling system, with the label recommending against use in the second and third trimesters. [2]

Volume depletion is relevant in elderly Idaho patients on diuretics. A starting dose of 10 mg is appropriate for most patients; 25 mg may be used for additional glycemic control but does not add cardiovascular or renal benefit beyond 10 mg per the EMPA-REG OUTCOME and EMPEROR-Reduced trial data. [3, 8]

Comparing Empagliflozin to Other SGLT2 Inhibitors on Idaho Formularies

Empagliflozin is not the only SGLT2 inhibitor with proven outcomes data. Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) demonstrated renal protection in the DAPA-CKD trial (N=4,304; 39% risk reduction in composite renal/cardiovascular endpoint vs. placebo; P<0.001). [18] Canagliflozin (Invokana) showed cardiovascular benefit in CANVAS (N=10,142) and renal benefit in CREDENCE (N=4,401). [19, 20]

Idaho Medicaid places all three agents as non-preferred with similar PA requirements. However, some commercial plans and Medicare Part D formularies place one agent on a lower tier than others. A Blue Cross of Idaho plan might have dapagliflozin on Tier 3 and empagliflozin on Tier 4, or vice versa. Patients should run a formulary check using the plan's drug lookup tool before assuming Jardiance is the lowest-cost SGLT2 inhibitor for their specific plan.

From a clinical standpoint, the ADA states that "for patients with T2D and CKD, an SGLT2 inhibitor with demonstrated kidney protective effects is recommended regardless of HbA1c" [4], and notes that empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin all qualify when used in their evidence-based indications. Switching from one SGLT2 inhibitor to another to reduce cost is clinically reasonable if the patient lacks a specific contraindication to the alternative agent.

GoodRx, SingleCare, and Other Discount Programs in Idaho

GoodRx and SingleCare are discount card programs, not insurance. They negotiate reduced prices with pharmacy benefit managers and pass savings to cardholders. In Idaho, GoodRx typically shows Jardiance at $625-$685 for a 30-day supply at Albertsons, Fred Meyer, and Rite Aid. SingleCare quotes a similar range.

These discount cards cannot be combined with insurance. A patient with insurance that covers Jardiance at $80/month should use insurance. A patient whose plan places Jardiance at a 25% coinsurance during the deductible phase should compare the GoodRx price to their deductible coinsurance price and use whichever is lower, presenting only that one at the pharmacy counter.

NeedyMeds.org maintains a database of patient assistance programs (PAPs) updated quarterly. Boehringer Ingelheim's PAP (BI Cares) provides Jardiance free of charge to uninsured or underinsured patients with income at or below 400% of the federal poverty level (FPL). [21] In Idaho, 400% FPL for a single-person household in 2026 is approximately $61,000. The application requires proof of income and a prescriber signature; processing takes 10-20 business days.

The 340B Drug Pricing Program allows qualifying Idaho hospitals and federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) to purchase covered outpatient drugs at deeply discounted prices. St. Luke's Health System and Terry Reilly Health Services (FQHC) in the Treasure Valley are 340B-covered entities. Patients who receive care through these systems may access Jardiance at 340B pricing, which can be 25-50% below WAC. [22]

What to Do If Idaho Medicaid Denies Jardiance

A Medicaid denial is not a final answer. Idaho Medicaid enrollees have the right to request a fair hearing within 60 days of receiving a denial notice. The hearing is conducted by the Idaho Office of Administrative Appeals.

Before requesting a hearing, the prescribing clinician should submit a peer-to-peer review request to the Medicaid managed care organization or DXC Technology (Idaho's fiscal agent). Peer-to-peer reviews with a Medicaid medical director overturn denials at a higher rate than written appeals alone, particularly when the clinician can cite the EMPA-REG OUTCOME hazard ratio of 0.62 for cardiovascular mortality [3] and the 2022 AHA/ACC Class I recommendation for SGLT2 inhibitors in HFrEF. [9]

If the peer-to-peer review fails, a written appeal with the published trial data, the patient's most recent echocardiogram report, and a letter from the cardiologist or nephrologist is the next step. Idaho's Disability Rights Idaho organization provides free assistance to Medicaid enrollees navigating appeals for medications. [6]

During the appeal period, the prescriber can initiate a 30-day bridge supply using the Boehringer Ingelheim uninsured patient program or a compounded empagliflozin prescription, maintaining therapeutic continuity while the administrative process runs its course.

Frequently asked questions

How much does Jardiance cost in Idaho?
The manufacturer list price for Jardiance (empagliflozin) in Idaho is approximately $680 per month for a 30-tablet supply in 2026. Cash-pay prices at Idaho retail pharmacies including Albertsons, Walgreens, and Fred Meyer range from $620 to $690 with GoodRx coupons. Commercially insured patients using the Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly savings card may pay as little as $10 per month.
Does Idaho Medicaid cover Jardiance?
Idaho Medicaid does not cover Jardiance as a preferred agent. All SGLT2 inhibitors are non-preferred on the Idaho preferred drug list. A prior authorization requiring documentation of preferred agent failure is required, and approval is not guaranteed. The heart failure and CKD indications may have a somewhat higher approval rate when supported by trial citations and specialist letters.
Is compounded empagliflozin legal in Idaho?
Yes. Compounded empagliflozin dispensed by a 503A-licensed pharmacy under a valid patient-specific prescription is legal in Idaho as of early 2026. The pharmacy must hold a current Idaho Board of Pharmacy license, and the compound must use pharmaceutical-grade API. A licensed prescriber must issue the prescription after reviewing appropriate labs including eGFR.
Can I get Jardiance via telehealth in Idaho?
Yes. Idaho allows telehealth prescribing of empagliflozin through a synchronous audio-video visit with an Idaho-licensed prescriber. A phone-only encounter does not meet Idaho Board of Medicine standards for establishing a new prescribing relationship. Idaho's telehealth parity law requires commercial insurers to reimburse telehealth visits at the same rate as in-person visits.
Which insurance plans cover Jardiance in Idaho?
Blue Cross of Idaho, Regence BlueShield of Idaho, and SelectHealth all cover Jardiance but typically place it on Tier 3 or Tier 4 with prior authorization for the type 2 diabetes indication. Step therapy requiring prior metformin use is standard. Plans may waive step therapy for the heart failure (I50.x) or CKD (N18.x) diagnosis codes. Medicare Part D coverage varies by specific plan; check your plan's formulary at Medicare.gov.
What's the cheapest way to get Jardiance in Idaho?
For commercially insured patients not on a government program, the Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly savings card reduces cost to $10/month. Uninsured patients below 400% FPL (~$61,000 for one person in 2026) may qualify for free Jardiance through the BI Cares patient assistance program. Compounded empagliflozin from a licensed Idaho 503A pharmacy costs $45-$90/month and is the lowest-cost option for many uninsured or Medicaid-denied patients.
Are there Idaho Jardiance discount programs?
Yes. The Boehringer Ingelheim/Lilly savings card applies to commercially insured non-government-program patients. The BI Cares PAP provides free drug to qualifying uninsured patients. GoodRx and SingleCare offer modest cash-pay reductions. Patients seen at 340B-covered entities such as Terry Reilly Health Services in the Treasure Valley may access Jardiance at 340B pricing. NeedyMeds.org maintains an updated list of all available programs.
How does the Boehringer Ingelheim / Lilly savings card work in Idaho?
The savings card is available to commercially insured patients who are not enrolled in Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, VA, or other government health programs. Register online at the Jardiance website, then present the digital or physical card at an Idaho pharmacy as a secondary claim alongside your primary insurance. The manufacturer covers costs above $10/month up to a monthly cap of approximately $150. Most major Idaho pharmacy chains process it; independent rural pharmacies may need instructions to run it as secondary insurance.

References

  1. Ferrannini E, Berk A, Hantel S, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of empagliflozin, sitagliptin, and metformin. Diabetes Care. 2013. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23757206/
  2. Jardiance (empagliflozin) prescribing information. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. FDA label. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/204629s036lbl.pdf
  3. Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes (EMPA-REG OUTCOME). N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-2128. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26378978/
  4. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2023. Sec. 9: Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(Suppl 1):S140-S157. https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/46/Supplement_1/S140/148057/
  5. Boehringer Ingelheim / Eli Lilly. Jardiance savings card program terms. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/204629s036lbl.pdf
  6. Idaho Department of Health and Welfare. Idaho Medicaid preferred drug list 2025-2026. https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/prescription-drugs/state-drug-utilization-data/index.html
  7. Khunti K, Seidu S, Kunutsor S, Davies MJ. Association between adherence to pharmacotherapy and outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(11):1588-1596. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28947776/
  8. Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al. Cardiovascular and renal outcomes with empagliflozin in heart failure (EMPEROR-Reduced). N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1413-1424. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32865377/
  9. Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(17):e263-e421. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35379503/
  10. Heerspink HJL, Stefansson BV, Correa-Rotter R, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD). N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1436-1446. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32970396/
  11. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare Low Income Subsidy (Extra Help) data 2024. https://www.cms.gov/medicare/part-d/low-income-subsidy-lis
  12. FDA. Compounding: 503A vs 503B. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/503a-vs-503b
  13. FDA. Current drug shortages and 503B outsourcing guidance. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/fda-guidance-documents-human-drug-compounding
  14. Wanner C, Inzucchi SE, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin and progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(4):323-334. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27299675/
  15. Scheen AJ. Pharmacokinetics of SGLT2 inhibitors: Should we consider them as a group or individually? Clin Pharmacokinet. 2019;58(6):697-712. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30721461/
  16. Idaho State Legislature. Idaho Code 54-5704: Telehealth Access Act. https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title54/t54ch57/sect54-5704/
  17. FDA Drug Safety Communication. FDA warns that SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes may result in a serious condition of too much acid in the blood. May 2015. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-warns-sglt2-inhibitors-diabetes-may-result-serious-condition-too
  18. Heerspink HJL, Stefansson BV, Correa-Rotter R, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD). N Engl J Med. 2020;383(15):1436-1446. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32970396/
  19. Neal B, Perkovic V, Mahaffey KW, et al. Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes (