Hydroquinone appears in two different pigmentation-focused combinations. The listed concentration and companion ingredients give each formulation its own identity.
7,089records matching the ingredient search
2connected formulations
6displayed publication records
How the research connects to the formula
One product lists hydroquinone 8% with tretinoin, vitamin C and niacinamide. Another lists hydroquinone 6%, kojic acid 6% and niacinamide 5%. A percentage comparison alone leaves out those companions and the vehicle.
The displayed 2013 paper examines ingredients in cells. That evidence can address a mechanism, but it does not measure the visible response to either catalog cream in people.
The chart counts records mentioning the search terms in their title or abstract. It includes research beyond skin. Use the period controls to inspect the count.
2026: 202 indexed publications. 2026 includes publications dated through October 5. The earlier bars cover longer periods than the annual bars.
View the chart as a data table
Period
Publications
1900-1959
54
1960-1969
86
1970-1979
149
1980-1989
477
1990-1999
1008
2000-2009
1509
2010-2014
1008
2015-2019
1032
2020
237
2021
246
2022
266
2023
257
2024
282
2025
276
2026
202
Search query and data source
Source: Europe PMC’s PubMed-indexed records. Retrieved October 5, 2026. The index’s firstPublicationDate field supplies the dates and chart periods; it can normalize a month-only record to the first day of the month. Dates through October 5 are included. Counts can change as the index adds or corrects records.
TITLE_ABS:(hydroquinone) AND SRC:MED AND FIRST_PDATE:[1900-01-01 TO 2026-10-05]
The timeline combines selected references with a sample from the ingredient search. Dates use the index’s firstPublicationDate field; the PubMed record may distinguish an earlier online date from the print date. Written study notes appear alongside the records that have them. Other entries show the indexed bibliography and link to the paper.
research-article · Journal Article
Examining the impact of skin lighteners in vitro.
Gruber JV, Holtz R. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. PMID 23738040.
Study design
Cell-based laboratory research
What was tested
Hydroquinone, kojic acid and niacinamide in pigmentation-related experiments.
What was reported
The experiments examined cellular effects of the studied ingredients.
How it connects to the catalog
Cell experiments can address mechanisms. They do not measure the visible effect of HealthRX.com’s topical combination in people.
Research data assembled by HealthRX.com from the displayed source records, October 5, 2026. The atlas contains a dated literature search and selected studies; it is not an exhaustive systematic review.